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A New Modification of the Cloud Method of Determining the Elementary Electrical Charge and the Most Probable Value of that Charge

A New Modification of the Cloud Method of Determining the Elementary Electrical Charge and the Most Probable Value of that Charge by MILLIKAN, ROBERT ANDREWS

5 to 10 days for delivery
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Details
$4,500.00
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Seller: The Manhattan Rare Book Company
Title
A New Modification of the Cloud Method of Determining the Elementary Electrical Charge and the Most Probable Value of that Charge
Author
MILLIKAN, ROBERT ANDREWS
Seller
The Manhattan Rare Book Company (United States)
Condition
Very Good
Description
London: Taylor & Francis, 1910. First edition. original wrappers. Very Good. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPPERS of the account of Millikan's famous experiment, later known as the 'oil-drop experiment', in which he first provided the definitive proof that all electrical charges are exact multiples of a definite, fundamental value-the charge of the electron. Millikan's experiment is nowadays known as the 'oil-drop experiment' due to a later improvement by Millikan and his student Harvey Fletcher in 1910 - using oil in the cloud chamber - but it was in this paper (although water and alcohol were the liquids used) that Millikan first made precise measurements of the charge on single isolated droplets instead of as earlier just statistical averages on the surface of clouds of droplets. Although important, the fundamental breakthrough in Millikan's work was not his measurement of the actual value of the electron's charge (in fact he was as close to the correct value in this paper dated October 1909 as he was in the later oil experiment of 1910), but the fact that Millikan was able to produce, isolate, and observe single droplets with electrical charges, and show that repeated measurements of the charges always revealed exact integral multiples of one fundamental unity value. Previous experiments by Thomson and Wilson had in fact revealed the same value of the electron's charge as Millikan's experiment did but their determinations were based on statistical averages on the surface of large clouds of numerous water droplets and repeated measurements on the clouds gave fractional values of the electron's charge. This fact implied to some antiatomistic Continental physicists that it was not the constant of a unique particle but a statistical average of diverse electrical energies. However, in this 1909 experiment Millikan showed that his single droplets could not hold a fractional charge but always had a charge that was an exact integral multiple of an electron's charge (e.g., 2e, 3e, 4e, …). In 1910 Millikan and Fletcher improved and simplified the whole experiment by using oil, mercury, and glycerin as liquids instead of water; they could now observe the droplets for several hours instead of just under one minute and also neglect having to compensate for the evaporation of the water and alcohol droplets. And thus the experiment became known as the 'oil-drop experiment', but the crucial breakthrough had already taken place in this 1909 experiment. In this paper Millikan emphasized that the very nature of his data refuted conclusively the minority of scientists who still held that electrons (and perhaps atoms too) were not necessarily fundamental, discrete particles. And he provided a value for the electronic charge which, when inserted in Niels Bohr's theoretical formula for the hydrogen spectrum, accurately gave the Rydberg constant-the first and most convincing proof of Bohr's quantum theory of the atom. In 1923 Millikan became the first American-born Nobel laureate for this work together with his1916 determination of Planck's constant on the basis of Einstein's theory of the photoelectric effect. 

Contained in: The Philosophical Magazine for February 1910, vol 19, no. 110, pp. 209-228. Octavo, original wrappers. London: Taylor & Francis, 1910. The entire issue offered here, uncut and unopened in the original blue printed wrappers (spine strip with some very good restoration, hardly noticable). Rare in wrappers in such good condition.
Designs of Leon Bakst for the Sleeping Princess

Designs of Leon Bakst for the Sleeping Princess by BAKST, Léon

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$3,250.00
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Seller: Heritage Book Shop, LLC
Title
Designs of Leon Bakst for the Sleeping Princess
Author
BAKST, Léon
Seller
Heritage Book Shop, LLC (United States)
Description
London: Benn Brothers Limited, 1923. BAKST, Léon; PICASSO, Pablo. Bakst Designs For Sleeping Beauty BAKST, Leon, [illustrator]. PICASSO, Pablo, [contributor]. The Designs of Leon Bakst for the Sleeping Princess. A Ballet in Five Acts after Perrault. Music by Tchaikovsky. Preface by André Levinson. London: Benn Brothers Limited, 1923. One of 1,000 copies this being number 173. Folio (15 1/4 x 11 1/2 inches; 388 x 294 mm). Two color vignettes and fifty-four full-page color plates by Bakst (printed in France), and a full-page portrait of Leon Bakst by Pablo Picasso. Each plate with a tissue guard, printed with a caption. Quarter vellum over light blue fine-grain cloth. Spine lettered in gilt. Top edge gilt, others uncut. Some minor rubbing and wear to board edge and corners. Minor discoloration to vellum at bottom back edge, but otherwise vellum is very clean. A very small tape residue mark to to lower corner of the mount of Plate XIV. A few light finger smudges and some very light toning. Overall a very good to fine copy. "In less than six weeks- his time was necessarily restricted- Leon Bakst composed, or rather improvised the six scenes and the three hundred costumes (a whole world of pictorial fiction) which the ballet contains." (From the forward) Niles & Leslie. HBS 68734. $3,250.
Collection of 29 manuscript Letters, primarily incoming correspondence to George Hale, of Glastonbury and briefly, Providence, Rhode Island, from family members and Yale classmates, dated 1783-1791

Collection of 29 manuscript Letters, primarily incoming correspondence to George Hale, of Glastonbury and briefly, Providence, Rhode Island, from family members and Yale classmates, dated 1783-1791 by (Connecticut – Hale Family Letters)

7 to 14 days for delivery
Standard Shipping: $4.00
Details
$1,250.00
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Seller: Michael Brown Rare Books, LLC
Title
Collection of 29 manuscript Letters, primarily incoming correspondence to George Hale, of Glastonbury and briefly, Providence, Rhode Island, from family members and Yale classmates, dated 1783-1791
Author
(Connecticut – Hale Family Letters)
Seller
Michael Brown Rare Books, LLC (United States)
Description
Collection of 29 manuscript letters (totaling 39 pages + address panels, mostly folio and quarto) dating 1783-1791 to George Hale (b. 1759 d. 1803) of Glastonbury, Connecticut, from various correspondents (including Yale classmates) writing to him at Glastonbury and (for awhile) Providence RI. Correspondents include: Jabez Peck, Isaac Welles, Roswell Welles, "John Hiwill," Ashbell Welles, his older brother, Elisha Hale, Nabby Kimball, Zebediah Tracy, Abner Moseley, Nathaniel Tallcott Jr., and Elijah Killack. Together with: 7 chit receipts contemporary with these letters and later; a very worn BOSTON EVENING-POST (Numb. 1567, Sept. 23, 1765); and three other family items. Condition: clean, but worn and torn, with occasional textual loss consequent to original opening of wax seals. George Hale was descended from Samuel Hale who landed at Watertown, west of Boston in 1634, who settled in Wethersfield, Connecticut in 1635, until in 1690, Glastonbury was set off as a separate parish. George's father Captain Jonathan Hale born 1718, died March 7, 1776, at Jamaica Plain, near Boston, fought in the Revolution with the American forces. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Hon. Thomas Welles and Martha Pitkin. The coupled had fourteen children, of which, George, born July 24, 159, was the ninth. He attended Yale and worked as a merchant in Providence, employed in the store of Messrs. Brown & Benson. The letters concern business, domestic and social affairs, and courtship. "Glastenbury May 30th 1784 Dear Brother, I have not heard a syllable from you since you went from home except by Mr. Robbins which says you have got Quarters in Commons I am very glad… I hope you will pay a strickt attention to your Business & not spend your time in Pleasure or a Great deal of Company except so much as will be advantageous to your Business you will remember Providence is a very loose place that ill habits are very catching unless a person keeps a strickt watch over themselves. I understood after you went from home that you had absented yourself from the Red House which I'm not a little surpriz'd at & that a great Independency appear'd in your Behaviour – a great contrast indeed in the space of six weeks … I'm very sorry to hear of it – I assure you, you had no business to frequent that House so much as you have without the approbabtion of her parents but especially in absenting yourself in such a manner it is a very ungentleman like [ac]tion I think it is what I never did I hope never to see it in my Brother… I don't mean to control but I think it my Indispensible dutry to advise to Gentlemanlike Behaviour. The Sloop sails on the last day of April with 15 oxen & 20 Horses for Cargo I gave her verbal order to lay off & on Antigua & go with the Boat shore see wether a could trade or wither the English ports were open if they was to lay their course to Granada unless they was offer'd a great price there if they could not trade in the English port by all means to procure some casks of English rum att all adventure we shall look for her in about four weeks… you will write me the price current of West India goods in your first… Elisha Hale" "Windam [March] 13 1785 Dear Sir, Agreeable to your request I return an answer to your letter which I received a few days since was very happy to receive an Epistle from a Gentleman of your abilities as you wrote you stiled it great happiness to add to the number of your sisters gives me reason to think you prize them as you ought. I am sure there is no greater happiness than a harmony with our friends & Acquaintance. I think your sentiments upon my friend are very just & I dare presume if you should enlarge acquaintance with her you will never regret it as she is a Lady that possesses a generous disposition you would esteem her a person of worth as to giving advice upon Love subjects I am sensible I am not capable in the Least yet I hope you will be so much master of yourself as to retain your Senses. Nancy has concluded to write you since you stile yourself a friend… Nabby Kimball"

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