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Determination of the Surface-Tension of Water by the Method of Jet Vibration

Determination of the Surface-Tension of Water by the Method of Jet Vibration by Bohr, Niels

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Standard Shipping: $5.00
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$9,400.00
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Seller: The Manhattan Rare Book Company
Title
Determination of the Surface-Tension of Water by the Method of Jet Vibration
Author
Bohr, Niels
Seller
The Manhattan Rare Book Company (United States)
Condition
Fine
Description
London: The Royal Society, 1909. 1st Edition. Soft cover. Fine. FIRST EDITION OFFPRINT, PRESENTATION COPY, of Bohr's first published scientific paper, written while he was a 20-year-old student at Copenhagen University. Inscribed by Bohr in Danish on front wrapper to Poul Heegaard, mathematician and professor at Copenhagen University. In original wrappers. In February 1905 the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters announced a prize concerning Lord Rayleigh's 1879 theory that the surface tension of liquids could be determined from the surface vibrations of liquid jets. The problem proposed by the Academy was to perform quantitative experiments to implement Rayleigh's method. Bohr faced formidable difficulties, not least the fact that, since the university had no physics laboratory, Bohr had to perform the experiments at night (to avoid perturbations due to passing traffic) in his father's physiology laboratory. Bohr's paper was submitted on the deadline of 30 October 1906, and on 23 February 1907 the Academy notified Bohr that he had won its gold medal. Bohr "included in his work essential improvements on Rayleigh's theory by taking into account the influence of the liquid's viscosity and of the ambient air, and by extending the earlier theory from infinitesimal to arbitrarily large amplitudes" (Pais 101). The original paper submitted to the Academy was, of course, written in Danish (it is actually in the hand of Niels's brother Harald). It survives in the Bohr Archives, but it was never published (Pais 102). Bohr submitted the present English translation to the Royal Society of London in 1908, where it was read and published the following year. As well as being his first published paper, this also represents the only experimental work published by Bohr; all of his subsequent contributions were to theoretical physics. (A. Pais, Niels Bohr's Times, 1991). The recipient, Poul Heegaard (1871-1948), is famous for his contributions to topology, especially the theory of three-dimensional manifolds. After his 1898 Copenhagen University dissertation, Heegaard taught at various military schools in the Copenhagen area before accepting a chair at Copenhagen University. After seven years there he resigned, but shortly afterwards he moved to the University of Kristiania (now Oslo) where he became a cofounder of the Norwegian Mathematical Society and a very popular teacher until he retired in 1941. Heegaard's dissertation is very well known because it gave a counter-example to the version of Poincaré-duality published by Poincaré shortly before, thereby contributing to the clarification of the basic notions of algebraic topology. He also co-wrote, with Max Dehn, the article 'Analysis Situs' for the Enzyklopadie der mathematischen Wissenschaften (1907), which marks the foundation of combinatorial topology. Offprint from: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Vol. 209. London: The Royal Society, 1909. Quarto, original green printed wrappers; custom box. A little soiling to wrappers, very small repairs to bottom corners of front wrapper. A remarkable well-preserved copy. RARE.
Recherches sur une Propriété Nouvelle de la Matière; Activité Radiante Spontanée ou Radioactivité de la Matière

Recherches sur une Propriété Nouvelle de la Matière; Activité Radiante Spontanée ou Radioactivité de la Matière by BECQUEREL, HENRI

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Standard Shipping: $1.50
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$2,500.00
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Seller: The Manhattan Rare Book Company
Title
Recherches sur une Propriété Nouvelle de la Matière; Activité Radiante Spontanée ou Radioactivité de la Matière
Author
BECQUEREL, HENRI
Seller
The Manhattan Rare Book Company (United States)
Condition
Very Good
Description
Paris: IN: Mémoirs de L'Académie des Sciences de L'Institut de France, Typographie de Firmin-Didot, 1903. 1st Edition. Soft cover. Very Good. FIRST EDITION of Becquerel's "definitive work", containing the full account of his investigations and discovery of radioactivity. PMM 393. Dibner 163. "In 1896, [Bequerel's] previous work was overshadowed by his discovery of the phenomenon of natural radioactivity. Following a discussion with Henri Poincaré on the radiation which had recently been discovered by Röntgen (X-rays) and which was accompanied by a type of phosphorescence in the vacuum tube, Becquerel decided to investigate whether there was any connection between X-rays and naturally occurring phosphorescence. He had inherited from his father a supply of uranium salts, which phosphoresce on exposure to light. When the salts were placed near to a photographic plate covered with opaque paper, the plate was discovered to be fogged. The phenomenon was found to be common to all the uranium salts studied and was concluded to be a property of the uranium atom. Later, Becquerel showed that the rays emitted by uranium, which for a long time were named after their discoverer, caused gases to ionize and that they differed from X-rays in that they could be deflected by electric or magnetic fields. For his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity Becquerel was awarded half of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903, the other half being given to Pierre and Marie Curie for their study of the Becquerel radiation" (Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921). Although Becquerel originally published most of his findings in a series of papers in Comptes rendus in 1896, "in 1903, Becquerel published the above massive volume of some three hundred and sixty pages, 'Researches into a New Property of Matter, or Radioactivity in Matter', which is his definitive work, containing a chronological narrative of his investigations, his mature conclusions and a bibliography of two hundred and fourteen treatises on radio-activity, dating from his own first paper in 1896" (Printing and the Mind of Man, 393). IN: Mémoirs de L'Académie des Sciences de L'Institut de France, 1-355 plus contents and plates (the entire issue). Illustrated with 71 photographic images on 13 plates. Paris: Typographie de Firmin-Didot, 1903. Quarto, original wrappers; custom box. Fading to edges and spine of wrappers, chips to spine ends, spine with a few splits, but everything holding.
Ein Ghetto im Osten - Wilna [A Ghetto in the East]

Ein Ghetto im Osten - Wilna [A Ghetto in the East] by Avorobeichic, Moshè; Ver, Moï

5 to 10 days for delivery
Standard Shipping: $1.50
Details
$1,600.00
( US$)
Seller: The Manhattan Rare Book Company
Title
Ein Ghetto im Osten - Wilna [A Ghetto in the East]
Author
Avorobeichic, Moshè; Ver, Moï
Seller
The Manhattan Rare Book Company (United States)
Condition
Very Good
Description
Zurich and Leipzig: Orell Fussli, 1931. 1st Edition. Hardcover. Very Good. FIRST EDITION, illustrated with 65 images of the Jewish ghetto in the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius. With preface by poet Zalman Chneour in Hebrew and German. "In the same year that his Paris was published, Moï Ver - under his real name of Moshé Vorobeichic- produced Ein Ghetto im Osten (A Ghetto in the East). The book, with both Hebrew and German text, featured his photographic record of the Jewish ghetto in the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius, documenting a way of life that would soon disappear under terrible circumstances. Even more so than Paris, Ein Ghetto im Osten was ostensibly a documentary book, but as he had done in his view of the French city, Moï Ver could not resist pushing the envelope of the documentary form. Once again, he used a variety of New Vision strategies, the most obvious being to take many images from upstairs windows looking on to the narrow streets of Vilnius's old Jewish quarter. This creates odd angles and a dynamic mise en scène for his pictures of people going about their everyday business on the street...But Moï Ver didn't stop there. He also introduced cinematic cutting and montaging techniques to heighten the interest... A poignancy has been added [to Ein Ghetto im Osten] in hindsight: it was made at the beginning of a desperately traumatic time for European Jewry" (Parr/Badger, The Photobook). Zurich and Leipzig: Orell Fussli, 1931. Small octavo, publisher's photo-illustrated boards. Very minor rubbing, some foxing to the early and end leaves, some light soiling, generally an excellent copy.

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